TfL said there were a total of 547 temporary station controls between March 2015 and February this year, up from 531 during the previous 12 months.
More than a fifth of station closures happened at Oxford Circus.
TfL said it uses station control to “maintain a safe and reliable service”.
London TravelWatch, a watchdog for the capital's transport users, claimed the statistics demonstrate the importance of investment in the network to boost capacity.
A spokesman for Mayor of London Sadiq Khan said: “Sadiq has been clear that we can't have a situation where people don't feel safe on the Tube, and TfL are already taking short-term measures to avoid overcrowding."
London Underground stations with the most closures due to overcrowding (Mar 2014 - Feb 2016)
1. Oxford Circus - 219
2. Bank - 90
3. Walthamstow Central - 77
4. Holborn - 55
5. Finsbury Park - 29
6. Warren Street - 27
7. Euston - 26
8. London Bridge - 26
9. Canada Water - 25
10. Green Park - 23
He called for a "more strategic approach" to tackle overcrowding in the long term, such as encouraging people to use other forms of public transport or to walk or cycle, pushing the Government to speed up the transfer of suburban rail services to TfL and supporting Crossrail 2.
Manuel Cortes, leader of the TSSA rail union, said the closure of hundreds of station ticket offices last year has exacerbated overcrowding in Tube stations.
Mick Cash, general secretary of the Rail, Maritime and Transport union, insisted that overcrowding is "a massive issue", adding that managing the risk of passengers falling in the gap between platforms and trains is "a daily problem".
A statement from TfL said: "(Station control) essentially means keeping the station open whilst managing the flow of customers to maintain a safe and reliable service.
"Temporary station controls normally last only a few minutes, and other entrances often remain available during that period for customers to use."
A spokesman added: "Record numbers of people are using the Tube, with over 1.3bn passenger journeys last year. London’s success-driven growth means the city’s population is expected to grow from 8.6 million now to 10 million by 2030. We have consistently argued that this means that sustained investment needs to be put into modernising and expanding the transport network.
“That is why we have one of the biggest investment programmes in the world. The TfL-run Elizabeth line, which will open in 2018, will serve more than half a million customers a day on a fleet of brand new 200m long trains. Our modernisation of signalling on vast parts of the Tube network, new more frequent trains and our rebuilding of stations like Victoria and Bank is also critical. But we also now need to start building Crossrail 2 as soon as possible to relieve Waterloo and enable London to meet growing demand.”
