The government accuses all the defendants of conspiracy to defraud the US.
Mr Trump claimed the new allegations proved members of his presidential campaign "did nothing wrong", despite the document's claims that the Russian defendants "communicated with unwitting individuals associated with the Trump campaign".
Taking to Twitter, Mr Trump wrote: "Russia started their anti-US campaign in 2014, long before I announced that I would run for President.
"The results of the election were not impacted. The Trump campaign did nothing wrong - no collusion!"
The Kremlin has repeatedly denied accusations by US intelligence officials and others of interfering in foreign elections, including the 2016 US ballot.
In the course of a probe that has been branded by Mr Trump as a "witch hunt", the Republican’s former national security adviser, Michael Flynn, has been charged along with several others.
Former US president George W. Bush recently said it is "pretty clear" Russia meddled in the 2016 presidential election.
Calling Russian President Vladimir Putin a "brilliant tactician", he said it was unclear whether it affected the outcome of the vote that saw Donald Trump sweep to victory.
Mr Trump recently launched a Twitter tirade following the publication of a controversial Republican memo which accused the FBI of abusing its powers.
The President of the United States told his 47 million followers his approval ratings had "jumped to 49 per cent" and, referring to himself in the third person, said the memo "totally vindicates 'Trump'".
The memo accused the US agency of abusing government surveillance powers in its investigation into Russian election interference.
The FBI says it has "grave concerns" about the document's accuracy. The US justice department, as well as Democrats and some Republicans, had voiced opposition to the memo being released.