Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg said Lord Heseltine's report had set out "the best way" to boost regional growth.
"It's a big change from the hand-out attitude of the past that stifled innovation and turned the regions into powerless centres that relied on Whitehall for jobs and spending," he said.
Lord Heseltine said the decision to accept the most of his recommendations would allow England's regions to "share in the rewards" of higher employment and greater prosperity if they could develop good enough economic strategies.
Communities Secretary Eric Pickles said: "Today's response reinforces the local approach the Government is taking to grow the economy. Jobs are created in offices, on high streets and in industrial parks around the country, not in Whitehall.
"We are giving more power than ever before to Local Enterprise partnerships and councils to drive growth in ways that best suit their local economy, not through diktats from central government bureaucrats.
"This is also a challenge to councils to innovate, to come together and pool resources and functions, to better deliver economic development across their area."