'The reason people are spending more on their dogs is quite simply because they want to show how much they love them,' says psychologist Dr June McNicholas, an expert in relationships between humans and animals. 'There's a popular theory that, as the birth rate drops, dogs have become a substitute for children - but there's no evidence for that. What seems to be true is that as our human relationships become increasingly conditional (you're only loved if you're pretty/rich/ intelligent/successful enough), we are seeking unconditional love from our pets, a caring relationship without risks. There's also the guilt factor. When owners don't have much time to spend with their pet, they'll tend to compensate by spending a lot on the animal.'